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1. A substitution reaction is a displacement reaction. This is when one functional group in one reactant is displaced by another functional group from a second reactant.This is different to an addition...

Down a group of the periodic table, the atomic radius increases.
As we go down a group, the outermost electron of an atom is placed in a shell that is further from the nucleus. This means it experien...

A buffer is a solution which resists changes in pH when alkaline or acidic solution is added to it.

Buffers are created based on the equilibrium of a proton donor/ acceptor...

Firstly, we must consider the thermodynamics involved

It is known that a reaction is spontaneous due to thermodynamic favourability if the Gibbs Free Energy is negative. This is further b...

There are several different answers one could make and an exam question would just require one for each. 

1) Propanal - from the ending "al" this is an aldehyde.

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