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Epistemology is the theory of knowledge, with specific regards to its method, validity and scope. It helps us to define the distinctions between justified belief and opinions, whilst also gaining an under...

The decision rule with act utilitarianism is ‘perform the action that results in the maximum sum of utility from those available when making the decision’. By contrast rule utilitarianism offers the revis...

This is a classic epistemological question asking you to engage with the debate between rationalists like Descartes and empiricists like Hume. To answer this effectively we need to make clear what the opp...

This is a very common objection raised against those that believe in God. But, they have a number of responses, some better than others. Firstly, we might think that those kinds of harms are necessary for...

First of all, the thing to realise is that both of these theories have the same result in the end. They both mean that how our life ends up is decided by forces other than ourselves. But the difference be...