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We first need to remember that stress is force over area. We can calculate the area using the diameter as the specimen is told to be cylindrical (circular cross-section). The area can be calculated using ...

Internal energy, temperature, and heat are closely related but distinct concepts. The microscopic particles that make up a body are in constant motion and may exert forces on ea...

Tensile stress is the force exerted per unit cross-sectional area on an object.

Tensile strain is the extension per unit original length of an object.

Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons, but a different number of protons. Therefore, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.

An example of an isotope is carbo...

As his hand moves back with the ball, the time taken to stop the ball is greater. This means that the rate of change of momentum is less (because the rate of him changing the speed of the ball is much slo...