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It's important that glucose levels in the blood are kept at a constant, as glucose is a key component for cell respiration. The mechanisms for glucose regulation involve the hormones insulin and glucagon....

An enzyme is a type of protein which we call a biological catalyst. In biology, a catalyst is a chemical which helps speed up reactions without being used up itself. Therefore, if you add 2ml of an enzyme...

A large surface area to volume ratio will decrease the rate of heat loss from the penguin. In the cold environment of Antarctica this means that the penguin needs to expend less energy to maintain its bod...

These muscle cells are known as a type of cell called smooth muscle. They serve to contract/shorten regularly in unison in a process known as peristalsis. This allows the food to be mixed with each other,...

Think of two animals of the same species. One of them has a gene that contains mutation X. Mutation X helps this animal to be better adapted to survive as it makes them stronger, and more likely to find f...