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There are two sides of the heart and each side (left and right) has two chambers each. The two chambers: atria (top) and a ventricle (bottom). Even though the two sides of the heart have two chambers each...

Evolution describes the divergence of species by natural selection. It is best to think of this at the level of the gene pool. The gene pool is all the genes contained within a population. The gene pool i...

To start with, let’s just quickly define an enzyme. An enzyme is a biological molecule that is able to speed up a reaction. Without the presence of enzymes, certain reactions just wouldn’t be able to take...

There are four key points to natural selection:

• first, that individuals in all species show variation
• second, that this variation is genetic and therefore heritable
• third, t...

The mutation alters the base sequence which therefore changes the sequence of Amino Acids coded for (the primary structure). Now the sequence of Amino Acids has been changed when bonds form and folding oc...