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The melody of the piece, which uses all twelve pitches, is disjunct. This is due to the fact that Schoenberg used octave displacement throughout his piece. The harmony is atonal. This is helped by the use...

The plagal cadence - IV to I

This seemingly easy question can be a great way of assessing student's ability to hear major/minor tonalities and ability to read music - e.g. are there any naturals, sharps, or flats on the sheet music? ...

An ostinato is a repeated pattern of notes. It can be either rhythmic, melodic, or both. You can also augment/ diminish an ostinato which is especially common in minimalist music.

Melodies can seem really hard to invent, but it's actually quite easy if you go about it the right way. Listen to the start of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4IRMY...