Search over 10,000 free study notes

An amino acid is a monomer of a protein formed from an amino group, carboxyl group and variable R-group. They are held in long chains via peptide bonds.

This is the first folding of the amino acid chain. The chain folds into either alpha helices or beta pleated sweats and is stabilised by hydrogen bonds between the amino acids.

Stimulus, e.g. pressure or heat, is detected by receptors. This impulse is carried on neurones. Neurones meet at a synapse where neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse. The impulse is then carried ...

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ ----> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
Energy Released

Independent segregation of chromosomes. Crossing over of chromosomes (genetic recombination)