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Food is broken down mechanically by chewing. Saliva secreted from the salivary glands contains amylase which breaks down starch to maltose.

Size: prokaryotic cells tend to be smaller.Outer layers: prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane surrounded by cell wall, while eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane but o...

Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high to low concentration and does not require energy. An example of diffusion is oxygen moving from the airways (high concentration inhaled) to the lungs (lo...

1. There is a variation of phenotypes in the general population 2) Some characteristics confer an advantage in the environment 3) The organisms with advantageous characteristics survive to breed and p...

Active transport is the movement of solutes, either ions or molecules, across a membrane up their concentration gradient (from low to high concentrations). The process requires a carrier protein which is ...