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Previous exposure to the toxin confers immunity by eliciting an immune response whereby b-cells differentiate into plasma cells allowing the production of antibodies. These will in turn stimulate producti...
The sugar-phosphate backbone is double stranded so protects the bases; DNA is a large molecule so can store lots of information; DNA is coiled so compact;Base sequence codes for amino acids; DNA is double...
DNA replication is used to copy DNA. This process is semi-conservative, meaning the new double helix contains both a parent and a new strand. The process begins during S phase, where helicase unwinds the ...
Aerobic respiration is the controlled released of energy in cells by converting organic molecules into ATP. It invovles the reduction and oxidation of electron carriers. Firstly the link reaction occurs w...
Annotated diagram of a sarcomere. Explaining the key steps
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