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A HIV molecule enters the blood stream and invades cells of the immune system (CD4 cells). To do this, proteins on the surface of the virus bind to receptors on the host cell. This then allows the envelop...

DNA is made up of subunits called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is comprised of one nitrogenous base (either adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine), one phosphate, and one deoxyribose sugar. The nucleotid...

Random mutations with a certain species genetic pool will lead to variation within the species. These variations can lead to certain organisms adapting to their environment better. The fittest will surviv...

Genetic information is stored within DNA in short sections called genes which contain the instructions needed to make a protein. DNA is a very large molecule and cannot exit the nucleus of the cell. Trans...

Na+/K+ ATP Transporters are found within the plasma membrane of a neurone. At rest, the transporters use ATP to pump 2 K+ ions into the cell for every 3 Na+ ions that are pumped out of the cell. This mean...