Search over 10,000 free study notes

Antibodies are made from 4 chains of peptides, two heavy chains and two light chains. There is also a constant region (Fc) and a variable region (Fab) which are used to bind to cells and antigens respecti...

Muscle is made of many myofibrils. These contain many myofilaments. Within each myofilaments is a string of sarcomeres. Each sarcomere contains myosin (thick filaments) and actin (thin filaments). Myosin ...

Vaccinations contain a dead or inactive form of a pathogen, which is a disease causing microorganism (such as bacteria and viruses). When people are vaccinated, the inactivated pathogen goes through the b...

White blood cells can kill pathogens in multiple ways, one of these is called phagocytosis. During phagocytosis, a specific white blood cell called a phagocyte recognises the bacteria through a process ca...

DNA is made up of two anti-parallel strands running in opposite directions. It is made up of individual monomers called nucleotides which in turn contain: a sugar (deoxyribose), a base (A, G, C or T), and...