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The active transport of hydrogen ions out of the companion cells using ATP creates a hydrogen ion gradient.This causes the facilitated diffusion of H+ ions back into companion cells. This occur...
The reflex arc is activated to create a rapid response in order to maintain safety. It is an innate, automatic response to a dangerous stimulus.
It involves 3 neurones. A sensory neurone, a motor n...
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Two polynucleotide (which means nucleotide polymer) strands are twisted together and form what looks like a ladder - the DNA double helix. These two str...
Reduced NAD is oxidised at the first carrier of the electron transport chain and reduced FAD oxidised at the second. The free electrons move into the system of carriers within the membrane while the proto...
Taking a sample from an area of space where you can clearly see there to be more species richness or abundance is not taking a representative sample, and it won't tell you what is really going on in that ...
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