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Speciation is a complex topic, and indeed what defines a species is still debated today. However, one factor is key to the process of speciation; gene flow. Gene flow between populations of a species e...

   Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition that results from defective chloride ion channels. Normally a protein known as the “Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator” (CFTR) transports chlo...

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene. The mutation causes a small change in the DNA's base sequence which codes for a different sequence of amino acids and therefore as a result, th...

Leaves have 4 main adaptations which enable them to carry out photosynthesis successfully. 

1) Thin - this allows carbon dioxide to easily diffuse into the leaf cells 

2) Tr...

Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a constant internal environment in the body.

An example of this is maintaining the temperature of the body. Human body temperature must be mainta...