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Firstly a transition element is an element which forms one or more stable ions with incompletely filled d orbitals.Ligands are charged or neutral, ions or molecules, which form coordination bonds with a c...

So, the empirical formula means the smallest value, like the lowest common denominator in maths, but instead of fractions we are going to be using chemical formulae. I always find it easiest to set it out...

A reaction is said to be feasible or spontaneous when the Gibbs Free Energy (Delta G) of the reaction is <0. Conversely, when the Gibbs Free Energy (Delta G) of the reaction is >0,...

The first ionisation energy depends on:the charge on the nucleus, the distance of the outer electron from the nucleus, the amount of shielding by inner electrons and whether the electron is alone in an or...

Elements in the periodic table are arranged by increasing atomic number (number of protons). Atomic number of elements steadily increases across a period (horizontal rows of the periodic table). Elements ...