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Covalent character occurs in ionic bonds when the postive (usually metal) ion is highly charge dense and can polarise the counter ion causing electrons to be shared between the two ions rather than electr...

You have to think about whether or not energy is being released by the system into the surroundings (exothermic), or whether the system is taking energy up from the surroundings (endothermic).You have to ...

(Taken from GCSE WJEC Additional Science Book- First Published in 2012) and I have adapted the answer given.Relative atomic masses: Li = 7 ; S= 32 ; O=161) Calculate molecular mass of lithium sulfate (Li2...

Calcium has 20 electrons.
The first ring can only contain up to 2 electrons.After that rings can only contain up to 8 electrons.
Therefore the electronic config...

The Atomic radius of an atom represents its atomic size. More specifically, it refers to the half-distance between the two nuclei of two adjacent atoms of the same element. In the periodic table, across a...