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When attempting to answer a question about complexes, you need to think about three things: the identity of the metal (and its oxidation number), type of ligand (i.e. if...
Hydrogen bonding occurs in water due to the large electronegativity difference between the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom.The oxygen attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself leaving the hy...
You can't directly measure lattice enthalpy of a solid crystal, so you have to look at a different method. Usually this would be experimentally or using Hess's Law to construct a Born-Haber cycle. The Bor...
(Firstly, we identify this as a ‘Structure and Bonding’ problem and try to distinguish between the bonds holding atoms together and the intermolecular forces holding molecules together. We can take ea...
Firstly, ligands are an atom, molecule or ion which can donate a electron pair (lone electron pair). In a diagram, we would show this donation of a lone electron pair to a central metal ion by using a arr...
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