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The 4 chambers of the heart are: Right atrium,Right ventricle,Left atrium and left ventricle.

Haemoglobin (Hb) is comprised of 4 polypeptide chains (2 alpha, 2 beta). Each polypeptide chain has a prosthetic group capable of picking up oxygen, therefore one Hb molecule can transport 4 oxygen molecu...

Ultrafiltration, the first stage of urine formation, begins when blood enters the glomerulus via the afferent arteriole. Water, glucose, ions and amino acids leave the blood and enter the bowman’s capsule...

Exercise leads to an increase of CO2 in the blood. This lowers pH as the CO2 binds with water to form carbonic acid. This pH change is measured by chemo-receptors in the carotid arteries. This change then...

This is really more of a puzzle than biology. You work this out the same way, no matter how big the tree is. First you need to figure out if the chromosome of the disorder is autosomal or sex-linked. If i...