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Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere diffuses into the leaf through stomata and reaches stroma of chloroplast. In stroma, carbon dioxide combines with ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) in the pre...

In the lungs, the partial pressure of oxygen is high therefore haemoglobin readily binds to the oxygen. This causes the haemoglobin to undergo a conformational change and increase its affinity for oxygen ...

When an action potential reaches an axon terminal, the depolarisation from causes voltage-gated calcium ion channels in the plasma membrane of the synaptic knob to open. As there is a much higher concentr...

There are four DNA bases, Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) and Thymine (T).
On each strand of DNA, the DNA bases are connected by phosphodiester bonds, to form a long chain.
These long D...