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The cell surface membrane is formed of a phospholipid bilayer, in which the hydrophillic phosphate heads point outwards and the hydrophobic tails point inwards. This forms a barrier for large molecules su...

Immobilised enzymes are enzymes that have been trapped into an inert matrix or material (such as calcium alginate) which prevents them from moving during the reaction process. Whole cells such as yeast an...

There are two main parts to meiosis - meiosis I and meiosis II. In meiosis I, crossing over of homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I, allowing exchange of genetic material between the two parent...

The ruched, cloud-like structure of the alveoli means that there is a large surface area for gas exchange between the blood and the lungs, which increases the efficiency of the process, meaning the suppli...

Enzymes are small proteins found in living organisms. They are described as biological catalysts, meaning they speed up reactions and remain unchanged at the end, ready to do the same aga...