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Osmoregulation is the homeostatic control of the water potential of the blood. The kidneys are involved in filtering the blood and deciding which substances to reabsorb and which to excrete as waste. Tiny...
The cell membrane is arranged into a polar structure known as a "phospholipid bilayer" which is made up of many phospholipids. The phospholipid has a hydrophilic (water loving) head and two hydr...
CO2 from respiring tissues diffuses into erythrocytes (red blood cells) where it reacts with water to form carbonic acid (process catalysed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase). The carbonic acid...
The secondary structure of a protein refers to the folding or coiling of a protein. There are 2 main secondary structures. 1) alpha helix – this is held ...
The left atrium has a higher pressure than the left ventricle due to the atrium filling with blood and contractingThis causes the atrioventricular valves (the mitral/bicuspid valve in the left side of the...
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