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The atomic radius of an atom is the distance from the atom's nucleus to its outermost electron. Moving across Period 3, the number of protons in the nucleus increases - for example sodium has 11 protons, ...

London dispersion forces. These arise because: 1. Electrons within the halogen molecule are constantly moving and at any one instant there is an uneven distribution of electrons within the molecule. 2. Th...

M_r of MgCl₂ = 24.3 + 2(35.5) = 95.3 Moles added = 2.11/95.3 = 0.02214 Mol of cl^-  added = 20.02214 = 0.04428 Conc = 0.04428/(3010^-3) = 1.48 moldm^-...

Benzene has a chemical formula of C6H6, 6 carbon atoms in a ring with each bound to one hydrogen atom (aromatic hydrocarbon) - 3 covalent bonds for each carbon atom Planar regular hexagon shape with 120 d...

Overall the catalyst increases the rate of reaction. It does this by adding an alternative pathway for the reagents to react, this alternative path way has a much lower activation energy than the original...