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Firstly, it's important to recognise that ionic compounds and metals are two different structures. Ionic compounds consist of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions held toge...

As I’m sure you already know, the units of concentration are mol dm^-3. So before we calculate concentrations we must convert the volu...

Ionization energy generally increases across period 3 because the nuclear charge increases but the shielding of the outer electrons remains relatively the same. This means that the electrostatic force of ...

As branching increases the boiling point decreases because there are fewer points of contact. This also means van der Waals forces are weaker in branch chained isomers and thus less energy is required to ...

pottasium dichromate (K₂SO₄) is an example of an oxidising reagent. If added to a primary alcohol, under reflux, carboxcylic acid will form, a secondray alcohol will form a ketone an...