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We start by letting yp = ax+b, as suggested, and finding the derivative yp' = a. Substituing into ODE  (by way of matching coefficients) gives a pair of simulataneous (algebraic) equations:

(1) 2a=...

This might seem like an obvious question and the instinctive urge is to disregard it entirely. Perhaps you would think "well that's silly, it's just not!"

Well, that's the intention of th...

1/2 e^x (sin x -cos x)

Firstly, the quadratic formula finds the roots of a quadratic equation. 
So this means f(x) = 0. A general polynomial with highest power 2 looks like: ax² + bx +c.
Usings the two fa...

You should write a^x as (e^lna)^x = e^xlna . ln(a) is a constant, so use the chain rule to differentiate this: lna(e^xlna) = lna(a^x)