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In the double circulation system there are two routes that the blood can take:

1. Through the lungs

2. To the rest of the body

The blood starting in the heart ...

First of all we have to understand that there are concentration gradients between cells and the outside. A higher concentration of solute is when there is more solute (eg salt) ...

The heart has four chambers; the right ventricle and atrium, and the left ventricle and atrium. Deoxygenated blood, once it has travelled the entire body, enters the heart from the vena cava into the r...

Peristalsis is the mechanism by which gut muscles contract. There are two main types of muscle in the gut:

-longitudinal

-circular

Together, these muscles cont...

1) enzymes are biological catalysts that will speed up reactions by reducing activation energy for the reaction. 2) Lock and key theory concerns how the enzyme (lock) only forms a reactive complex with...