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The pancreas detects rises in blood glucose levelsThis triggers pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin, and inhibits alpha cells from secreting glucagonInsulin stimulates the uptake of glucose into cell...

Modifiable; SmokingObesity High cholesterol
Non-modifiable; AgeGenderRace

Proteins have three or four levels of structure, in increasing complexity. Primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that the protein is made up of; secondary structure is either alpha-helices or b...

1 - Stimulus excites the neurone cell membrane, causing sodium ion channels to open, so sodium ions diffuse into the neurone, making it less negative. This depolarises the inside of the membrane.2 - Depol...

Similarities: - Both consist of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and 4 nitrogenous bases.- Both are joined by covalent phosphodiester bo...