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An enzyme is a type of protein which we call a biological catalyst. In biology, a catalyst is a chemical which helps speed up reactions without being used up itself. Therefore, if you add 2ml of an enzyme...

Semi-conservative replication would produce 2 copies that each contained one of the original strands and one new strand.  1- Weak hydrogen bonds between bases allow two strands to unzip2- 2 strands exists...

5' and 3' ends describes the directionality of the DNA molecule. Essentially, the strand of a DNA molecule can have a 5' end and a 3' end. To understand what a 5' or 3' end is, we need to look at the mole...

A large surface area to volume ratio will decrease the rate of heat loss from the penguin. In the cold environment of Antarctica this means that the penguin needs to expend less energy to maintain its bod...

These muscle cells are known as a type of cell called smooth muscle. They serve to contract/shorten regularly in unison in a process known as peristalsis. This allows the food to be mixed with each other,...