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Biology
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Describe how differential gene causes the production of specialized cells from stem cells. (A-Level)

All stem cells contain the same genes, but not all of these genes are expressed. Signalling causes certain genes to become activated within a stem cell. Only these activated genes are transcribed into mRN...

Answered by Maymoona E. Biology tutor
2434 Views

Explain how the potential difference across the neuronal cell membrane changes during conduction of an action potential

Normal neuronal resting potential is around -70mV - this is maintained by sodium-potassium pumps. When the neuron is stimulated, sodium ion channels begin to open, allowing sodium ions to diffuse back int...

Answered by Melissa S. Biology tutor
5174 Views

A scientist discovers a diseased tomato plant where a disease has caused discolouration in the leaves due to a decrease in chlorophyll. Explain why this tomato plant produces far less tomatoes and is much smaller than a healthy tomato plant.

The decrease in chlorophyll in the diseased plant leaves means the light energy cannot be used to make glucose via photosynthesis in the chloroplasts. Tomatoes store a lot of glucose therefore with less g...

Answered by Phoebe S. Biology tutor
2455 Views

explain the contraction of the skeletal muscle, according to the muscle sliding filament theory.

ATP binds to the myosin head   Hydrolysis of ATP causes the head to come to a “cocked” position. Then the head binds to the actin binding site creating a cross-bridge ADP and Pi are released from the myos...

Answered by Ioanna Z. Biology tutor
1515 Views

How does a reflex arc work?

A reflex arc is a system of sensory, motor and relay neurones that work together to provide a quick reaction to stimulus that protects us from danger. A really good example that often comes up in t...

Answered by Abraham W. Biology tutor
2366 Views

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