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Within a population of a species there will be variation between individuals. These variations arise because of mutations causing differences in alleles and phenotypes. Some individuals will have an allel...

The Loop of Henle is an important part of the kidney nephron in forming concentrated urine. It is a long loop, which forms something known as a hairpin countercurrent mechanism. It is called countercurren...

A synapse consists of a presynaptic and a postsynaptic neuron. Information passes across when an electrical signal reaches the end of the presynaptic neuron, causing the release of molecules called neurot...

The induced fit model is a way of explaining how an enzyme can aid in a biological reaction. When the active site of an enzyme comes into contact with the substrate, the enzyme will attempt to mould itsel...

As kinetic energy increases, enzyme and substrate molecules collide with more frequency allowing more enzyme substrate complexes to be formed. With increasing temperature, the tertiary structure of the pr...