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Natural selection: Mutations (e.g. of pigment gene, and of regulatory genes) creating variability between members of the same species. Selection pressure of prey availability - Selection pressures are ext...

Food enters the mouth and is digested mechanically and chemically. Mechanical digestion is chewing (mastication) by the teeth and breaks the food into smaller pieces. Chemical digestion is by salivary amy...

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms (e.g. bacteria) which lack any membrane bound organelles. Thus, they are anuclear (have no nucleus) and their DNA is circular and found in the nucleoid area of the ...

Co-dominance is when two alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype in the heterozygote. For example, plants that are homozygous for one allele may be red and plants that are homozygous for another al...

The process responsible for gas exchange in animals is diffusion.
Air, containing oxygen needed for cellular respiration, is inspired in fills the lungs. The high concentration of oxygen in the lung...