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During vigorous exercise, muscles are not supplied with enough oxygen. This means that cells have to respire anaerobically. Anaerobic respiration involves no oxygen. This leads to a build-up of lactic aci...

Mitosis occurs when a eukaryotic cell has exited interphaseIt occurs in 4 stages:
Prophase: The spindle fibres appear in the cell, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane of the nucleus dis...

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone which is closely associated with the early stages of pregnancy. It is produced by the blastocyst once it has implanted int...

In hot and dry climates plants will have an increased rate of transpiration, the release of water through the stomata of plant cells. In dry conditions there is a lack of water and as such, plants need to...

A myelinated neurone is insulated by a layer of Schwann cells that make up the myelin sheath. This aids in the faster conduction of an action potential down the neuronal axon. Depolarisation of the axon c...