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Enzymes are what are called 'biological catalysts;' that means they speed up how fast a reaction takes but they are unchanged by the reaction themselves. They work by lowering the activation energy needed...

An action potential (AP) reaches the pre-synaptic membrane. This causes the voltage-gated calcium channels to open, and calcium ions flow down their concentration gradient into the pre-synaptic terminal. ...

Prions are certain proteins naturally occuring in organisms that have assumed wrong conformation during folding. This misfolded structure is highly infectious - if it comes into contact with healthy versi...

A phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light. This is mediated by auxins such as IAA (Indoleacetic acid). This is released in the tips and shoots of flowering plants. In response to light ...

ROUTE: when an action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction, Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, into the sarcoplasm, wh...