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Muscle contraction can be explained using the 'Sliding Filament Hypothesis'. Following nervous stimulation, a nerve impulse will be transmitted to a neuromuscular junction. This will cause a release of th...

Diffusion is the spreading out of particles of any substance in solution or of gas resulting in a net movement of an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Diffusion is key to the sur...

Invasive species can cause negative effects on biodiversity through out-competing native species, becoming a voracious top predator and killing most of the native animals/fauna (especially since if there ...

Four characteristics of an efficient respiratory surface are: thin epithelium, large surface area, abundant capillaries, ventilation mechanism.

1. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a process to 'amplify' DNA to provide sufficient quantities for further analysis.

PCR involves repeated cycles of heating and cooling of the reac...