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The electron transport chain is a collection of proteins (complexes), of which there are 4 types, whose purpose is to pump protons into the intermembrane space. These pro...

Cardiac muscle is myogenic i.e has the ability to contract naturally, without external stimuli, such as action potentials arriving via nerves. For the whole heart to contract in an organi...

Diffusion is the movement of gases across a partially permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration and is important to allow the movement of substances across cell membranes. For ex...

Haemophilia is a sex-linked genetic recessive disease, meaning it is associated with a gene located on the X chromosome. As males have only one X chromosome, inheriting that chromosome will mean that they...

Our heart can be divided into a left and right side, each containing two chambers: an atrium and a ventricle. Low pressure blood flows into the atria and is pumped out of the ventricles (high pressure); t...