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All classes of vertebrates have their own distinguishing features that we can use to identify if an animal is indeed a mammal or not. The main classes of vertebrates can be simpified into mammals, fish, a...

Fat is first processed by mechanical breakdown in the mouth through chewing and in the stomach through its ‘churning’ action. Lipase, an enzyme produced in the pancreas, converts fat in the small intestin...

(1) Oxygen is transported around the body in red blood cells. In the red blood cell it is bound to a protein called haemoglobin. Oxygen dissociation curves show the relationship between oxygen levels (as ...

The main role of white blood cells is to protect the body against invasion by disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens), such as bacteria or viruses. They do this in 2 main ways: phagocytosis and antibod...

There are 5 stages of mitosis. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis. An easy mnemonic is Pee (on the) MAT Cat. Prophase - 3 things oc...