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An enzyme is a biological catalyst. It is a protein with an active site that binds to a substrate to accelerate a chemical reaction.
faster response due to the presence of memory cells
there are many more cells specific for this pathogen therefore clonal selection and expansion of B cells is quicker
The resting membrane potential of cells is maintained by the actions of Na+ and K+. A resting cell is impermeable to Na+ so the concentration of Na+ is greater outside the cell than in it. However the cel...
The pioneer species (or any other species) changes the environment, making it less hostile. Also some species are better competitors and out-compete others.
Enzymes are functional proteins which are used to catalyse reactions. They all exhibit primary, secondary and tertiary structure, and some which have more than one polypeptide chain have quaternary struct...
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