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The initial environment would be a harsh/hostile environment which few species would be adapted to. The volcanic rock would have to be broken down to form humus, only a little or none would have been avai...

What is a nerve synapse?

A synapse refers to the junction between two neurons. When an impulse (action potential) reaches the end of a neuron (the pre-synaptic neuron), the synapse allows this sign...

• Large surface area -Cell wall of alveoli is one cell thick -Good Blood supply

• To maintain a constant body temperature -To aid growth
• To allow muscle contraction
• For active transport -For protein synthesis

Before an action potential can even start, it is important to remember that there are already uneven concentrations of ions over the membrane. Potassium ions are at a higher concentration inside the cell,...