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The alveoli are like small sacks present at the base of the lung, and are the site of exchange between the air we breathe and our blood. This exchange occurs by the process of diffusion, for which alveoli...

HIV is a retrovirus that infects specifically T helper cells / CD4 cells in the body.the glycoprotein (envelope protein) on the surface of the virus is able to bind to receptors on CD4 cells, and causes t...

complementary base pairing - new strand can be synthesised based on the base sequence on the template strand, so that the resulting strand synthesised is identical to the coding strand.
hydrogen bon...

Many mitochondria - production of ATP during aerobic respiration which allows active transport to take place for uptake of ions
Many root hairs - Increases surface area for maximum diffusion
La...

Thick, waxy cuticle - stops evaporation from the leavesStomata that are able to open and close through changes in guard cell turgor pressure- stops water loss by transpiration at night or when water avail...