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Spread of mutations via vertical and horizontal transmission

Once a bacterium has a mutation that provides resistance to an antibiotic, it can spread through replication or through...

Photosynthesis requires optimal temperatures, high levels of light, and carbon dioxide.

The limiting factor of photosynthesis is the fac...

Note: Keywords which are vital for marks will be highlighted in bold.

Within all populations, there is variation.

This is due to di...

Firstly, you need to understand that there are two main types: Passive Immunity and Active Immunity. We will take them one by one and break them down now.

Oxygen is a critical component of Aerobic respiration in many animals. The reason why oxygen is so important is because it plays a crucial role in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell. The mit...