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In this model ions are considered perfect spheres and therfore point charges. In this model ions have only electrostatic attraction with no covalent interactions.

In covalent bonding 2 or more atoms share electron in their outter shells to give them all full outer shells. In ionic bonding one atom donates one or more electons to another atom, the donating atom beco...

The compound's name is butan-2-ol: four carbons in the chain means the compound has the but- prefix; the alcohol group is on the second carbon, so the compound has the -2- suffix; and the functional group...

Hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride are both simple molecules. They have London forces between molecules. It is essential that you highlight that these interactions (induced dipole-dipole) are BETWEEN ...

Mass Spectrometry is often used by scientists to determine all the isotopes present in a sample (using their isotopic masses) and thus identify the element. The first stage is called the 'ionisation sta...