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Polar molecules are those that have permanent dipoles. A permanent dipole occurs due to a difference in the electronegativity of the atoms involved in the bond. You might not be familiar with the term ´el...

Melting point, NMR, Mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy

I would then go through with the student and explain that an alkane is a hydrocarbon made up of single carbon-carbon bonds only. This is why butane ends in -ane, it begins with but- due to the number of c...

For both As and A-level, knowing functional groups for organic chemistry is essential. The easiest way to identify functional groups is to understand which bonds are characteristic for the functional grou...

Before using numbers from the question: 1)What is pH? pH = -log[H⁺] Square brackets mean concentration of H+ so we need to convert given pH to [H⁺] in the weak acid coefficient 2) To...