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Water has a greater boiling point than hydrogen iodide as water has hydrogen bonds, whereas iodine only has permenant dipole-dipole interactions. Hydrogen bonds are stronger than permenant dipole-dipole i...

Electrons occupy every orbital in each subshell once and then occupy the full orbital with both electrons 

Neutral 

The useful thing is that different elements have been grouped together on the periodic table so that it's easy to see which ones share something in common. Group 1 elements become 1+, Group 2 becomes 2+, ...

Graphite is carbon-based, formed of multiple sheets of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are bound to three neighbouring carbon atoms by covelent bonds, leaving a free electron which can conduct current thro...