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Latin has a major flaw compared to English: it doesn't like having two 'main verbs' in the same sentence/clause if it can be avoided. Therefore, you have to put one of the verbs into participle form. S...

The easiest way to explain it is that it is the 'adverbial' case. This means that it will always tell us something more about how an action (described by the verb) took place.

One of the ...

In Aeneid 8, Virgil describes in detail Aeneas’ shield made by Vulcan, and this ekphrasis- the longest in the poem and clearly modeled on Achilles’ shield...