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• Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder, which is caused by a mutation in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) gene. • The defective CFTR protein does not allow Cl...

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone produced to help maintain the amount of water in the body when it is dehydrated. Water passes into the Bowman's capsule from the blood in the glomerulus in the nep...

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a polymer made up of two strands of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, pentose sugar and nitrogenous base (of which there are 4 types). These n...

Enzymes are proteins which increase the rate of reactions by binding to substrates and forming enzyme-substrate (E-S) complexes. The part of the enzyme which binds to the substrate is called the active si...

Aerobic respiration is the production of energy in the presence of oxygen using glucoseThe chemical equation for aerobic respiration is as follows:C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂...