Search over 10,000 free study notes

Hydrogen bonding is a strong dipole-dipole attraction between a lone pair of electrons on a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, and a hydrogen atom on another molecule. In the case of...

pH=-log[H+] Kw=[H+][OH-] GFE=enthalpy-(temp*entropy)

An endothermic process is one which cools as the reaction proceeds meaning that the entropy change of the reaction will be negative. These reactions may still be feasible as the spontaneous nature of a re...

pH = -log([H+])

Therefore, 10^(-pH) = [H+]

[H+] = 4.57x10^-3

We must remember that negative energies (in any context) generally represent energetically stable configurations and as the energy of a system increases, it will become more unstable.

Firstly, ioni...