Search over 10,000 free study notes

Entropy (S) is a measure of disorder in a system. Any process, in this case a chemical reaction, is said to entropically favoured if the overall disorder in the system increases. This is usually when ther...

The atomic radius of the elements decreases from sodium to argon. This is because the number of protons increases (sodium has 11, argon has 18) so the nuclear charge increases. Therefore, the attraction b...

Catalyst are chemical or biological substances that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up in the overall process. It provides an alternative route for a reaction occur with a lower activati...

Benzene, aromatic and unsaturated compound which alternating double bonds. Benzene only reacts with bromine when a catalyst is present. Cyclohexene will react with bromine readily, a saturated molecule wi...

Consider NaCl and CCl4, the first compound is dominated by ionic bonding, whereas the second covalent.

Ionic bonding involves a cation (Na+) and an anion (Cl-), where strong electrostatic interacti...