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An acid when dissolved in a liquid, will produce hydrogen ions (H+) while a base will produce hydroxide ions (OH-). When a litmus paper is used to test acids and bases, acids turn the litmus paper red whi...

A buffer solution is resistant to changes in pH upon the addition of relatively small amounts of acid or base. In this case, the equilibrium resisting changes to the pH is: H2CO3 <-> H+ + HCO3-.

NH3 has a bond angle of 107 degrees and is pyramidal this is because it has 3 bonded pairs and 1 lone pair. the lone pair repels more than the bonded pairs and this results in the bond angle being 107 deg...

This is to do with the definition of a transition metal (TM). A TM is a metal which loses electrons to form an ion with an incomplete D subshell. Scandiums most stable ion is a Sc3+ ion losing both the el...

The forward reaction in the Harber process is exothermic. Following Le Chatelier's principle, the reaction would therefore be favoured by using lower temperatures, increasing the yield of ammonia at equil...