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Type of reaction: nucleophilic addition to carbonyl

Diagram should show nucleophilic attack of oxygen of alcohol on carbon of carbonyl in the acyl chloride. Lone pair clearly shown on the oxygen, f...

Nucleophilic substitution using NaOH to convert haloalkane to primary alcohol. This is a mechanism that you need to know for the exam. Then oxidise the alcohol by refluxing with acidified potassium dichro...

An acid when dissolved in a liquid, will produce hydrogen ions (H+) while a base will produce hydroxide ions (OH-). When a litmus paper is used to test acids and bases, acids turn the litmus paper red whi...

A buffer solution is resistant to changes in pH upon the addition of relatively small amounts of acid or base. In this case, the equilibrium resisting changes to the pH is: H2CO3 <-> H+ + HCO3-.

NH3 has a bond angle of 107 degrees and is pyramidal this is because it has 3 bonded pairs and 1 lone pair. the lone pair repels more than the bonded pairs and this results in the bond angle being 107 deg...