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How and why does sp3 hybridization occur?

1 st consider the bonding in methane, CH4. The carbon atom forms 4 single covalent bonds to hydrogen atoms. However, when we consider the electronic configuration of Carbon (electrons-in-box notation), there...
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Answered by Farah D. • Chemistry tutor
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Explain what is meant by the term "rate of reaction".

A change in the concentration of reactants or products per unit time
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Answered by Filip H. • Chemistry tutor
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Describe the arrangement of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom of Neon (Atomic No. 10, Atomic Weight 20.18). You may use diagrams to aid you.

A fully-marked answer would contain each of these points, or clear diagram equivalent 10 protons10 neutrons10 electrons, arranged with 2 in the inner 's' shell and 8 in the 'p' shell
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Answered by Zach L. • Chemistry tutor
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Name the three steps in free radical substitution and give an example equation for each

Initiation: Cl2 (+UV) -> Cl + Cl Propagation: Cl + CH4 -> HCl + CH3 Termination: CH3 + Cl -> CH3Cl
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Answered by Arwen G. • Chemistry tutor
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A reaction, A + B -> C, is considered second order with respect to A and first order with respect to B. What is the effect of simultaneously doubling the concentration of A and B on the rate of reaction?

"second order with respect to A" tells us that doubling the concentration of A will cause the reaction rate to increase by a factor of 4."first order with respect to B" then tells us that...
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Answered by HENRY J. • Chemistry tutor
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