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During exercise, there is a higher need for the working muscle to have oxygen for respiration in order to generate energy to carry out its function. Therefore, there is more blood flow required to the mus...
Bacteria:Contain naked DNAHave a cell wall, membrane and organelles - RibosomesAre cellsLarger than virusesCan survive without living ho...
Adults are exposed to the toxin as a child, which initiates an immune response. B lymphocytes are produced and release antibodies which bind to the specific toxin and destroy it as part of the humoural im...
A population is split into two groups by some form of barrier, either physical, such as a mountain range, or behavioral, like looking for food at different times of day. This means that the two population...
An inactive or weak form of the pathogen is introduced to the patient. This stimulates the production of lymphocytes which then produce antibodies against the antigen. Memory cells are also generated. If ...
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