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Mastication breaks down food into smaller chunks increasing the surface area for digestive enzymes to work on, and making it easier to swallow the food. The salivary gland secretes amylase which hydrolyse...

Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the pancreas and is released into the bloodstream to control the level of glucose in the blood. When the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas secr...

The ribosome will bind to the mRNA at a specific binding site. The ribosome will then start to match tRNA anticodon sequences to the mRNA codon sequence. Each time a new tRNA comes into the ribosome, the ...

A reflex arc is made up of a receptor (which detects a stimulus), a sensory neurone, a relay neurone, a motor neurone and an effector (which brings about a respon...

Stimulus - receptor - sensory neuron - (dorsal) spinal cord - (ventral) spinal cord - motor neuron - muscle/effector - response