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There are four levels to a protein's structure:Firstly, the primary structure which is the sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. This level determines the type/function of the protein by influe...

Both diffusion and osmosis are processes concerning the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, along a concentration gradient. Any type of molecule can m...

if the old strand were repaired using the new strand that contains replication error as the template. Then the error would become a permanent mutation in the genome. The old information would be erased in...

Exocrine glands release their product to the external environment, while endocrine glands release their product directly into bodily fluids. The pancreas does both: it releases digestive enzymes into the ...

The influx of chloride ions into the lumen of the small bowel causes the water potential to decrease (become more negative). This causes an increased water potential difference between the lumen and the c...